A reliable water heater is essential for any home, providing hot water for daily activities such as bathing, laundry, and dishwashing. However, many homeowners neglect regular maintenance, leading to higher energy bills, unexpected breakdowns, and premature system failure.

With proper care, a traditional tank water heater can last 10-15 years, while a tankless model may operate efficiently for 20-25 years. Without routine maintenance, sediment buildup, corrosion, and excessive wear can significantly reduce a unit’s lifespan.

As professional plumbers, we emphasize the importance of regular inspections and preventative maintenance to keep water heaters operating efficiently for as long as possible. By following expert-recommended maintenance practices, homeowners can extend the life of their water heater, improve energy efficiency, and prevent costly repairs.

Understanding Water Heater Lifespan and Common Issues

Different types of water heaters have varying lifespans and maintenance requirements. Understanding how these systems operate can help homeowners take proactive steps to maintain them properly.

1. Tank Water Heaters (Gas & Electric) 

1. • Lifespan: 8-12 years 
   • Common Issues: Sediment buildup, corrosion, heating element failure 
   • Key Maintenance Needs: Annual flushing, anode rod replacement, thermostat adjustments

2. Tankless Water Heaters (On-Demand Systems) 

1. • Lifespan: 20-25 years 
   • Common Issues: Scale buildup, clogged filters, excessive demand 
   • Key Maintenance Needs: Periodic descaling, flushing, filter cleaning

3. Heat Pump Water Heaters 

1. • Lifespan: 10-15 years 
   • Common Issues: Compressor wear, refrigerant leaks 
   • Key Maintenance Needs: Coil cleaning, annual system inspections

4. Solar Water Heaters 

1. • Lifespan: 15-20 years 
   • Common Issues: Pump failure, collector damage 
   • Key Maintenance Needs: Annual solar panel check, antifreeze replenishment

Regardless of the type, routine maintenance is the most effective way to ensure the water heater reaches its full lifespan and operates at peak efficiency.

Routine Maintenance to Extend Water Heater Lifespan

Regular maintenance prevents sediment buildup, corrosion, and mechanical failure, helping homeowners avoid expensive emergency repairs.

1. Annual Tank Flushing to Remove Sediment

Over time, calcium, magnesium, and other minerals settle at the bottom of tank water heaters. This sediment layer forces the system to work harder, reducing efficiency and increasing energy costs.

Recommended Flushing Process: 

1. Shut off power to the unit – Turn off the electricity (for electric models) or set the gas valve to “pilot” (for gas models). 
2. Close the cold water supply valve – Prevent additional water from entering the tank. 
3. Connect a garden hose to the drain valve – Direct the hose to a safe drainage area. 
4. Open the drain valve – Allow the tank to empty completely. 
5. Briefly turn on the cold water supply – This helps flush out any remaining sediment. 
6. Close the drain valve and remove the hose, then turn the power back on once the tank is full.

Recommended Frequency: 

• Every 6 months in areas with hard water 
• Annually in areas with moderate or soft water

Neglecting this maintenance step can lead to popping or rumbling noises, which indicate sediment buildup interfering with the heating element.

2. Inspect and Replace the Anode Rod Every 2-3 Years

The anode rod is a sacrificial metal rod inside the water heater tank that attracts corrosive elements, preventing them from rusting the tank. If this rod is fully corroded, the tank itself will begin to rust, leading to leaks and system failure.

Inspection and Replacement Process: 

1. Turn off power and water supply to the unit. 
2. Locate the anode rod (typically on the top of the tank). 
3. Unscrew the rod and inspect it. If it is more than 50% corroded, it should be replaced. 
4. Install a new anode rod and secure it properly.

Recommended Frequency: 

• Every 2-3 years under normal conditions 
• Annually in areas with hard water

A well-maintained anode rod can significantly extend the life of a water heater, preventing internal tank corrosion.

3. Adjust the Temperature for Efficiency and Safety

Most water heaters are pre-set at 140°F, but lowering the temperature to 120°F can: 

• Reduce energy consumption by 5-10% 
• Prevent scalding accidents 
• Slow down mineral buildup

How to Adjust the Temperature: 

1. Locate the thermostat dial (on gas models) or control panel (on electric models). 
2. Adjust the setting to 120°F. 
3. Test the water temperature after a few hours to ensure it meets household needs.

4. Insulate the Tank and Pipes to Reduce Heat Loss

Water heaters located in garages, basements, or colder areas lose heat more quickly, forcing them to work harder to maintain water temperature.

Recommended Insulation Methods: 

• Wrap the water heater tank in an insulation blanket. 
• Use foam insulation sleeves on exposed hot water pipes.

This simple step improves efficiency and reduces strain on the system, helping it last longer.

When to Call a Professional Plumber

While homeowners can handle basic maintenance, some issues require professional intervention to prevent long-term damage.

Signs That Indicate a Problem: 

• Leaks around the tank – May indicate internal corrosion or a failing pressure relief valve. 
• Rusty or discolored water – Often a sign of a deteriorating tank or failing anode rod. 
• Strange noises (popping, rumbling) – Indicates severe sediment buildup. 
• Inconsistent water temperature – Could be a faulty thermostat or heating element.

A licensed plumber can assess the condition of the water heater, perform necessary repairs, and recommend a replacement if the system is beyond repair.

Selecting a Professional Plumbing Service

When hiring a plumber, homeowners should look for: 

• Proper licensing and insurance 
• Experience with water heater repairs and maintenance 
• Positive customer reviews and referrals 
• Upfront pricing with no hidden fees

Regular professional inspections every 1-2 years can detect potential issues before they become costly emergencies, ensuring consistent and reliable hot water supply.

Maximizing Water Heater Longevity

A well-maintained water heater can last years longer, saving homeowners money on repairs, replacements, and energy costs. By following routine maintenance steps, adjusting temperature settings, and using water wisely, homeowners can maximize their unit’s efficiency and longevity.

For expert water heater maintenance or repairs, contact our team today. We provide professional inspections, repairs, and installations to ensure your water heater operates at peak performance for years to come.